Study on Evaluation and Planning of Earthquake Resistance of Small Mountain Cities Based on UAV Technology:Taking Yongping County, Dali Prefecture as an Example
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摘要: 近年来地震灾害频发致使人财损失惨重,部分山地小城市防灾能力滞后,已不能满足抗震防灾的现实需求。山地城市承灾体基础数据收集难、耗时大,本研究引入无人机影像技术快速获取城市建筑、道路和防灾空间等数据,采用 ArcGIS 统计分析功能结合相关数学模型分别对建筑抗震性、避震疏散通道畅通性和避震疏散场所布局合理性进行评价,选取Ⅶ度抗震设防区云南省大理白族自治州永平县为实例进行实践探索。研究表明:永平城区建筑总体抗震性能一般,抗震薄弱区域主要为老街社区、龙盘社区等旧城区;避震疏散通道畅通性整体较好,但永云公路、永福路未满足避震疏散要求;避震疏散场所满足人口避灾需求,其分布相对均匀,城区中部服务缺口较大。基于此,针对评价薄弱环节提出相应的抗震防灾规划策略。Abstract: In recent years, the frequent occurrence of earthquake disasters has caused heavy human and financial losses, and some small mountainous cities have lagging behind in disaster prevention capabilities, which can no longer meet the actual needs of earthquake disaster prevention. It is difficult and time-consuming to collect basic data of disaster-bearing bodies in mountainous cities. UAV imaging technology is introduced to quickly obtain data on urban buildings, roads, and disaster prevention spaces and ArcGIS statistical analysis functions are combined with related mathematical models to determine the seismic resistance and shock resistance of buildings. The smoothness of evacuation passages and the rationality of the layout of earthquake-resistant evacuation sites are evaluated, and Yongping, an earthquake-resistant fortified area of degree VII, is selected as a case study. Studies have shown that the overall seismic performance of buildings in Yongping City is average, and the areas with weak seismic resistance are mainly old urban areas such as Laojie and Longpan communities. The smoothness of the seismic evacuation channels is generally good, but Yongyun Highway and Yongfu Road do not meet the requirements for seismic evacuation. Earthquake shelter and evacuation sites meet the population's need for disaster shelter, and their distribution is relatively even, and there is a large service gap in the middle of the city. Based on this, corresponding earthquake and disaster prevention planning strategies are proposed for the weak links in the evaluation.
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