The Scale Structure and Spatial Organization Efficiency of Villages and Towns in County Areas: An Empirical Comparative Study of Plain and Mountainous Areas
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摘要:
村镇规模结构及其空间组织是我国乡村地区空间研究的重要议题，亦是编制县和乡镇国土空间规划的重要支撑。然而，现有研究缺乏对村镇规模及其空间组织效率的度量与评价及其经济社会发展内在动力的科学认知，对评价体系背后的理论支撑认知也不够深入。本文基于空间组织效率内涵，构建县域村镇规模结构与空间组织效率评价体系，以地处平原的山东省东营市广饶县和地处山地的贵州省遵义市仁怀市为例，进行比较研究。研究发现，山地村镇对于生态的敏感性更高；无论是平原还是山地村镇，县域中心城区的规模结构—经济社会契合效率都优于规模结构—生态契合效率；平原村镇的规模结构—经济社会契合效率、规模结构—生态契合效率对村镇发展水平的解释力度比山地地区更为显著，而山地地区相关指标对村镇的发展水平的作用方向更为复杂。因此，研究建议山地村镇应更加注重村镇规模的适度发展，尤其强调因地制宜，实现村镇规模与所在地区生态和经济社会发展相适宜的发展模式。
Abstract:The scale structure of villages and towns and their spatial organization is an important topic of spatial research in rural areas, and it is also an important technique issue of township territorial spatial planning. However, the existing research lacks a systematic review of the evaluation indicators of villages and towns' scale and spatial organization efficiency, and the understanding of their internal connectivity is not explored enough. Besides, there is a lack of scientific understanding of the internal driving force of the economic and social development. Based on the connotation of spatial organization efficiency, this paper constructs a scale structure and spatial organization efficiency evaluation system of villages and towns in county areas, taking Guangrao County, Shandong as the research case of plain areas and Renhuai City, Guizhou of mountain areas. The study found that mountain villages and towns are more sensitive to ecology. Whether in plain or mountainous areas, the 'scale structure-economic and social fit degree' is better than the 'scale structure-ecology fit degree' in the county town. The 'scale structure economic and social fit degree' and the 'scale structure-ecology fit degree' of plain villages and towns explain the development level of villages and towns more significantly than that of mountainous areas, and the effect of the relevant indicators on the development level of mountainous villages and towns is more complex. Therefore, the study suggests that mountainous villages and towns should pay more attention to the appreciation of the village and township scale, with particular emphasis on adapting measures to local conditions to achieve a development model that is compatible with the ecological, economic and social development of the village and township in the region.
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