Abstract: Taking 1766 historical and cultural villages in Zhejiang Province as the research objects, this paper studys the spatial pattern and influencing factors of historical and cultural villages using the methods of quantitative geography and GIS spatial analysis. The results show that: 1) The spatial distribution of historical and cultural villages in Zhejiang Province is condensed and uneven. The quantities of villages in southwest of Zhejiang Province is far more than other regions, forming three high-density distribution areas, namely, the south of Lishui, the junction of Hangzhou, Quzhou and Jinhua, and the junction of north Lishui and southwest Jinhua, which have the characteristics of marginalization. 2) Most of the villages are distributed discretely in plain and hilly areas, while a few are clustered in mountainous areas, showing a negative trend and a significant trend along the river. 3) The distribution of villages points to low economic development level, medium population density and regional cultural diversity. 4) The results of geographical detector show that the slope aspect has the strongest explanatory power for village spatial differentiation. 5) Natural environmental factors dominated the overall spatial pattern of villages in the early stage of village formation, while humanistic and social factors, as driving factors, affected the development, evolution and scale characteristics of villages in the later stage.