Abstract: The purpose of space governance is to achieve the common development and balance of economy, society and environment, and to achieve high-quality development of urban and rural integration, ecological livability and effective governance. At present, there are practical dilemmas in rural development in our country, such as protection and development imbalance, regional development imbalance, urban-rural development dislocation, and governance subject dislocation. By combing the policy background of space governance, clarify the guiding ideology, value orientation, overall goals and implementation means of space governance, the new ideas of sustainability, rationality, balance, refinement are proposed by the concept of space governance for rural development. Finally, facing the new requirements of rural development and the dilemma of rural development, this paper further proposes the rural transformation and development path of balanced development and protection relationship, perfect regional town and village system, realize urban-rural integration and development, and collaborative rural governance subject.