Abstract: It is helpful for scientifically studying the regional types of the development level of small towns based on quantitative analysis of the contraction degree of small towns from the regional level is. Based on the index system of small towns shrinkage, this study describes the spatial pattern of small town shrinkage by nuclear density analysis, and analyzes the main reasons restricting the development level of small towns by coupling coordination method. The results show that there are four types of small towns contraction in Henan Province, namely, marginal contraction area, passive siphon contraction area, fragile ecological environment contraction area and low contraction area. In terms of the coupling coordination degree of the internal system of small towns, the construction of small towns in Henan Province is still in the stage of low level restriction. Based on the above conclusions, the main directions of small towns construction in different types of shrinking areas are suggested. The research results provide scientific support for classifying and promoting the construction of small towns.