Abstract: Based on high mountains, hills river, the ground type rural three different geographical pattern of settlement types, this paper selects three Dong villages in Sanjiang region: Gaoding Village, Batuan Village, and Ma'an Village, bringing the fractal theory to the research of settlement spatial form, using the box counting method to calculate the spatial form of two-dimension floor plan patch fractal dimension values, in combination with characteristics of place in order to analyze the reasons for fractal characteristics and the difference of the cases. The results showed that all the three villages showed fractal characteristics, which verified that the forming process of stockade was self-organizing. And the fractal dimension approximates the natural dimension. To some extent, it shows that the site selection and development change of Gaoding Village are related to the landform. The fractal dimension value of Gaoding Village changes linearly with the box counting scale, indicating that Gaoding Village is relatively strongly related to the natural environment. On the whole, fractal dimension values of Dong villages vary with different landforms and landforms. The diverse factors of natural environment and social culture have created the diversity of development of Dong villages, so the protection, renewal and development of Dong villages should be people-oriented and development suggestions should be put forward according to the needs of the times.