Abstract: During the transition of Inner Mongolia grassland settlements from nomadism to settlement, along with the change of production and living patterns, their settlement patterns gradually changed from free dispersions with families as units to centralized dispersions. The different spatial characteristics and mechanisms of rural settlements evolution in Inner Mongolia grassland during the historical period are analyzed and compared. Studies have shown that, due to the relatively closed grassland, the influence of exogenous factors on settlement is more significant than that of endogenous factors. The rural revitalization policy in grassland areas in the new period should pay more attention to the study of localization, so as to adapt to the special characteristics of the natural environment in grassland areas and the production and living needs of herders.