Abstract: The allocation of land use index in national territorial spatial planning is a game of development right among provinces and cities. In order to actively promote economical and intensive land use and to achieve highquality development, the increase-decrease hook is promoted in the process of territorial spatial planning. This paper reviews the evolution of increase-decrease linkage and index trading policy, and analyzes the differences of various land use index. Then the index transaction is analyzed from the perspective of economic man, social man and urban man. Combined with the actual implementation of the policy, this paper analyzes the positive and negative externalities of paid transaction of increase-decrease hook surplus indicators in the course of market operation, and analyzes the trading across provinces, cities and cities in China from the aspects of transaction scale, amount and subject. It is proposed that cities with different development power should pay attention to four factors namely cultural, economic, social and spatial development stage in the process of paid transaction, so as to reasonably guide the market forward positive effects by excessive marketization.