Abstract: Urbanization in areas with tight ecological environment, represented by the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region and the northwest desert region, has been at a low level of development, with large regional differences in urbanization development, low degree of industrialization and lack of sustained momentum, where traditional urbanization model is not suitable for such areas. Under the background that the construction of ecological civilization is comprehensively promoted and measures are strengthened to promote the western region development to form a new pattern, and coordinated development between regions has entered into new development stage, at which the important issues include how to fully consider and analysis the particularities of the development background, patterns, and motivation of regions where ecological environment are tightly constrained, to optimize population spatial distribution, to change urbanization mode, to consolidate poverty alleviation, to promote modernization and to achieve high-quality economic and social development. It has important practical significance to promote the regional coordination level, to enrich people and strengthen the borders, and to maintain national security and stability.