Abstract: Based on the policy background of rural revitalization, our country is developing the transformation work of construction and design for the rural residential, and the building environment performance has become the focus of people's attention. Based on the simulation of environmental evaluation and building performance optimization, this study discusses the method to realize the automatic optimization design of natural lighting in rural residential buildings on the parametric analysis platform, and establishes four processes including space model establishment, numerical simulation calculation, performance evaluation scoring and automated optimization analysis. Through the comprehensive evaluation method and index including light intensity of illumination and glare environment, this method explores the influence of spatial parameters (width to depth ratio, window-wall ratio) on the natural lighting effect for rural residential buildings, selects the optimal solution for multiobjective optimization analysis, and uses the feedback to guide the rural residence, in order to provide technology accumulation of advanced design for the rural residential.