Abstract: In the stage of stock renewal, cities protect historic and cultural resources through the preparation of protection plans. The protection effect is remarkable, but various problems still exist. This paper takes the historical and cultural blocks of Jimei School Village in Xiamen District as an example, from the perspective of land property rights, to explore the reasons for the differences in the protection effects of different property right areas under the same protection plan. Due to the difference in land system, the rigid demand for ‘three certificates and one certificate’ for state-owned land makes its construction strictly controlled by the planning department, while the collective land cannot be traded, and the certificate is in name only, so that the planning department cannot penetrate into its construction process, and the collective land is constructed in disorder. Therefore, this paper proposes two strategies from the perspective of land property rights. One is to transfer to the state, allowing legalization of property rights, and introducing market capital for protection. The other is to retain collective property rights, including establishing compensation, competition and supervision mechanisms to encourage the subject of property rights is autonomously protected. This paper hopes to provide reference for the protection of historical and cultural blocks by excavating the essential reasons for the dilapidation of blocks and putting forward relevant strategies.