Abstract: The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China stressed that the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation should be comprehensively promoted by 'Chinese path to modernization'. The promotion of rural modernization in our country has an important impact on the sustainable development, security, and stability of the national economy and society, and the reasonable solution to its spatial governance issues is the foundation for achieving bidirectional circulation of urban-rural factors, integrated urban-rural development, and rural revitalization. In China's national spatial planning system, town and village level planning is closely related to spatial governance in rural areas. The smooth transmission between them greatly affects the effectiveness of planning implementation and spatial governance. Based on this, this article focuses on comparing and studying the township level land spatial planning guidelines and practical village planning guidelines in six provinces from the dimensions of 'control' and 'guidance'. The characteristics and problems of the transmission of township and village level planning are sorted out, and optimization strategies are attempted to provide new ideas for the modernization of spatial governance in rural areas.