Abstract: In the context of rural revitalization, the research focusing on traditional villages has shifted from static preservation to dynamic renewal and development. Rooted in the perspective of the human-land relationship, this study examines the regulations and characteristics of traditional villages' adaptation to the natural environment and the formation of human social relations during site selection, construction, and development processes. On this basis, five value cognitive dimensions are extracted and formulated to explore the values of traditional villages in a more comprehensive and systematic manner, and to provide a theoretical foundation for determining the village development trajectory. Through regional characteristic analysis and typical case studies, the study classifies traditional villages into three types: mountainous, aquatic, and urban-adjacent. Based on the resource differences and interaction characteristics of different types of traditional villages, the study proposes strategies ranging from value exploration to protection concepts and development pathways, providing guidance for sustainable development while respecting the villages' inherent development laws.