Abstract: This study based on the theory of microclimate analysis, conducts an in-depth examination of the microclimate spatial structure of Liaohu Ancient Town, located in Qujing City, Yunnan Province. Its aim is to provide a scientific basis for improving the microclimate environment of this ancient town and sustaining its ecotourism development. The core of our research consists in developing a detailed microclimate evaluation framework through the integration of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the entropy weight method. Through quantitative analysis, this study uncovers the characteristics and prevalent structural challenges of the microclimate space in Liaohu Ancient Town, and proposes optimization strategies, encompassing enhancements grounded in the principle of microclimate continuity, improvements pertinent to microclimate nodes, and the preservation and inheritance of regional culture. Although the research may be influenced by subjectivity and the constraints of analytical tools, this study offers theoretical and methodological support for optimizing the microclimate space in Liaohu Ancient Town and pioneers new perspectives and methodologies for microclimate research and practice in analogous ancient towns.