Abstract: The land use types in the suburbs of metropolises are relatively complex, accompanied by frequent flows of urban-rural factor resources. However, these areas also serve as typical regions for comprehensively achieving rural revitalization and integrated urban-rural development. Under the context and requirements of rural revitalization and national territorial spatial planning, it is imperative to improve the protection and intensive utilization level of construction land and create efficient production and living spaces.This paper takes Pengzhou City, situated in the suburbs of Chengdu, Sichuan Province, as the research object. Using township and village levels as the scales, it examines the scale distribution, spatial form, as well as the evolution process and characteristics of the spatial distribution of rural settlements in Pengzhou. It explores the characteristics of the spatial evolution process of rural settlements in the suburbs of metropolises. The research findings are as follows: 1) During the study period, the area of settlement land in each township of Pengzhou City has been decreasing. 2) Except for Jiuchi Town, rural settlements in other townships display significant agglomeration characteristics. 3) In the southern townships and streets, relatively independent small rural settlements have gradually aggregated towards larger villages and towns. In the central and northern townships and streets, small-to medium-sized settlements, which were originally relatively clustered, have shown a tendency to transfer, disperse, decline, or develop independently in other townships. 4) The evolution process of the agglomeration degree of the spatial distribution of rural settlement patches in Pengzhou City has shifted from 'large-scale concentrated settlement, large-scale agglomeration' in 2010 to 'large-scale concentrated settlement, small-scale agglomeration' in 2022.