Abstract: Traditional villages embody a long history and rich cultural heritage. Based on spatial genes, this paper integrates factors such as the geographical characteristics and planar layouts of Huizhou traditional villages to construct a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) for quantifying the inheritance and activation pathways of traditional villages. The study selects 50 national-level traditional villages from the sixth batch of traditional villages located in the ancient Huizhou region as research samples. The results indicate that village activation variables play a leading role in historical inheritance; geographical conditions, planar layouts, and main resources provide supporting roles in historical inheritance; while street-lane spaces and facility conditions are fundamental elements for inheritance. For both inheritance and activation, it is first necessary to develop a diversified economy and activate the endogenous development momentum of villages. Planning should be coordinated from a holistic perspective of ecological resources, with efforts to explore characteristic genes, make good use of natural resource endowments to co-construct regional genes, and gradually realize the inheritance and activation of villages through regional linkage development.